Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2 (Pertemuan ke-2)

Passive Sentences

Passive and Active Voices

Verbs are also said to be either active (The executive committee approved the new policy) or passive (The new policy was approved by the executive committee) in voice. In the active voice, the subject and verb relationship is straightforward: the subject is a be-er or a do-er and the verb moves the sentence along. In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence is neither a do-er or a be-er, but is acted upon by some other agent or by something unnamed (The new policy was approved). Computerized grammar checkers can pick out a passive voice construction from miles away and ask you to revise it to a more active construction. There is nothing inherently wrong with the passive voice, but if you can say the same thing in the active mode, do so (see exceptions below). Your text will have more pizzazz as a result, since passive verb constructions tend to lie about in their pajamas and avoid actual work.

We find an overabundance of the passive voice in sentences created by self-protective business interests, magniloquent educators, and bombastic military writers (who must get weary of this accusation), who  use the passive voice to avoid responsibility for actions taken. Thus "Cigarette ads were designed to appeal especially to children" places the burden on the ads — as opposed to "We designed the cigarette ads to appeal especially to children," in which "we" accepts responsibility. At a White House press briefing we might hear that "The President was advised that certain members of Congress were being audited" rather than "The Head of the Internal Revenue service advised the President that her agency was auditing certain members of Congress" because the passive construction avoids responsibility for advising and for auditing. One further caution about the passive voice: we should not mix active and passive constructions in the same sentence: "The executive committee approved the new policy, and the calendar for next year's meetings was revised" should be recast as "The executive committee approved the new policy and revised the calendar for next year's meeting."

Take the quiz (below) as an exercise in recognizing and changing passive verbs.

The passive voice does exist for a reason, however, and its presence is not always to be despised. The passive is particularly useful (even recommended) in two situations:

• When it is more important to draw our attention to the person or thing acted upon: The unidentified victim was apparently struck during the early morning hours.
• When the actor in the situation is not important: The aurora borealis can be observed in the early morning hours.

The passive voice is especially helpful (and even regarded as mandatory) in scientific or technical writing or lab reports, where the actor is not really important but the process or principle being described is of ultimate importance. Instead of writing "I poured 20 cc of acid into the beaker," we would write "Twenty cc of acid is/was poured into the beaker." The passive voice is also useful when describing, say, a mechanical process in which the details of process are much more important than anyone's taking responsibility for the action: "The first coat of primer paint is applied immediately after the acid rinse."

We use the passive voice to good effect in a paragraph in which we wish to shift emphasis from what was the object in a first sentence to what becomes the subject in subsequent sentences.

The executive committee approved an entirely new policy for dealing with academic suspension and withdrawal. The policy had been written by a subcommittee on student behavior. If students withdraw from course work before suspension can take effect, the policy states, a mark of "IW". The paragraph is clearly about this new policy so it is appropriate that policy move from being the object in the first sentence to being the subject of the second sentence.

Passive Sentences Rumus

1.      Passive Voice [Simple Present Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + to be + Verb3

2.      Passive Voice [Present Continous Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + to be + being + Verb3

3.      Passive Voice [Present Perfect Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + have/has + been + Verb3

4.      Passive Voice [Simple Past Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + to be (was – were) + Verb 2

5.      Passive Voice [Past Continous Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + to be (was – were) + Verb3

6.      Passie Voice [Past Perfect Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + had + been + Verb3 

7.      Passive Voice [Simple Future Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + will + be + Verb3

8.      Passive Voice [Future Continous Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + will be + being + Verb3

9.      Passive Voice [Future Perfect Tense]

 Pattern = Subject + will have + been + Verb3

Example :

1.    Once a week, Tom cleans the house.                                             (active)

Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.                                  (passive)

2.    Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.                                           (active)

Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.                            (passive)

3.    Sam repaired the car.                                                                      (active)

The car was repaired by Sam.                                                        (passive)

4.    My mother would always make the pies.                                       (active)

The pies would always be made by my mother.                            (passive)

5.    Many tourists have visited that castle.                                           (active)

That castle has been visited by many tourists.                               (passive)

6.    Someone will finish the work by 5:00 PM.                                    (active)

The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.                                          (passive)

7.    Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.                         (active)

A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.              (passive)

8.    At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes.                  (active)

At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.     (passive)

9.    Jerry used to pay the bills.                                                              (active)

The bills used to be paid by Jerry.                                                  (passive)

10. I knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.                         (active)

      I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.                         (passive)

Referensi         :

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/passive.htm

https://alwaysfriend.wordpress.com/rumus-passive-voice/

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html

BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 (SOFTSKILL)

 

My Hobbies

Hello my name is Mela Sukmawati. So let me tell you about my hobby. My hobbies is watching movies. My favorite genre movies are action, romance, comedy and horror. One of my favorite movie are If I stay, Remember Me and The Tourist. Lately, i like to read a book as novel, comic, magazine, and other. Since i was small often read books story by my mother . Of the stories that 's my become intrigued to read more and more particularly novel. Because of curiosity i that is just like to read as by reading us like paying into the wider world filled with inspiration, imagination and information that has not been we knew before. Since i was reading books is like dealing with life stories a day or novel, is the science of public knowledge, and other. Started from the frequent read story books or my novel was so interested in writing. Not only a hobby read what we write, i also had a hobby another that is listening to music. I kind of love of music since i was little. I like all kinds of music. Because i like to listen to music, i also love singing when listening to music.

My hobby is singing in the other. When i was little my parents ever signed me in the event of singing competition. According to them i very active as a child, i dare to appear in front of the crowds. At the time i managed to win the race that's three. I can also play music guitar instrument. At first i get an instrument music the guitar when i was sixteen years old. The first time i learn how to play the guitar with a friend my class when i was in school. I continue to learn with some cord download songs. Finally i are trying to learn the guitar own cord with which i have already downloaded. After i college, i have rarely play guitar again. Until finally i forgot with some cord guitar. I teach college friend of the guitar again cord until the beginning of my playing the guitar now smoothly again. In addition to playing the guitar i also have other hobbies are in sports like swimming and running. I have a little story about a hobby of swimming, while small i absolutely could not swim because ever happened a bad thing. Small time i had sunk in a swimming pool while on holiday with family. Since i was starting to fear to swim . Until finally i was eightteen years old i tried to swim accompanied by my mother.

And finally there is swimming is one of my hobbies another. Running in the morning is my hobbies which until recently still I love routine. Every sunday morning me and mother always taking the time to exercise run. I usually run around and mother of housing complex near the house or garden. Not just me and mother of course that run the morning that a lot of my neighbor was also a sport. One of the incident i 'd ever experienced when i was run. sports. That time i never fall because of my feet stumble stone in the park. But from one scene that i have ever natural , i still like a hobby run . I think hobby run is one of many benefits. One example of the benefits of run is to make my body getting healthier and fresh to undergo a routine activities me.

There is another hobby I like to do with mother and my friends that way to the mall. I like to spend time with mother and friends in the mall to simply remove bored. Every holiday me and mother always taking time to the streets to the mall. So also when the day of college i sometimes my friends and no the duty of college or waiting for lecturers , me and friends the streets to the mall. The streets to the mall is one way to deprive of saturated with a problem. Not to shop but to refresh the mind. Sometimes i go with a friend at the mall to search a place eating and while college perform tasks that had not been finished.